On the 29th of November 1947 the UN  assembly  decided on the devision of the Mandatory Palestine and the establishment of two independent states in the territory- a Jewish state and an Arab state. The war that started a day afterwards, will be referred to as the “War of Independence” by Israelis and as “Nakba” (catastrophe) by Palestinians. As a result of the Jewish military victory, the state of Israel was established and about 800,000 Palestinians lost their homes and became refugees.During the 1967 Six-Day war, Israel conquered many territories, including the West Bank and Gaza strip. East Jerusalem annexed to Israel and a military regime was imposed on the rest of the population in Palestinian territory, a regime that still exists to this day. Over the years and increasingly since the beginning of peace negotiations in 1991, in contradiction to its signed international treaties, Israel has built more than 200 settlements that dissect the West Bank, preventing the future possibility of establishing a Palestinian state in these territories. The reality of life, created by Israel in the occupied territories, is in fact a reality of racial segregation. While Jewish settlers are Israeli citizens that live under civilian law system, the Palestinian residents are mostly without citizenship, under a military law system and live under the reality of land confiscation, restrictions on movement and home demolitions. While a modern network of roads serves the settler population, hundreds of checkpoints and roadblocks prevent Palestinians from moving freely. This situation escalated with the beginning of construction of the Segregation Wall in 2003, a process that confiscated thousands of acres, leaving additional territories to its west side, in preparation for future annexation. While controlling the natural resources in the area, including water, Israel is distributing most of them to the Jewish community, leaving a tiny amount for Palestinian population. Arrests, village invasions and a policy of collective punishment are all a part of daily routine. About 7,700 Palestinian prisoners are kept in jails inside Israel, including many minors. Palestinians residing next to settlements are often attacked by settlers that are treated with compassion and protection by the Israeli army.The last round of peace talks has ended with the decision to reach an agreement by the end of 2008, but in actual fact the end of this year marked one of the most severe attacks on Palestinians- the Israeli operation within the Gaza strip.